What are the 8 intelligences of Howard Gardner?

Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences revolutionized the way educators understand and support student learning. Introduced in his 1983 book Frames of Mind, Gardner proposed that intelligence is not a single, fixed ability measured solely by IQ tests. Instead, he identified eight distinct intelligences that reflect the diverse ways individuals process information and solve problems.

At the Kintess School, we embrace this holistic view of intelligence, recognizing and nurturing each child’s unique strengths. Here’s an overview of Gardner’s eight intelligences:​

1. Linguistic Intelligence

This intelligence involves sensitivity to spoken and written language, the ability to learn languages, and the capacity to use language to accomplish goals. Students strong in linguistic intelligence excel in reading, writing, storytelling, and memorizing words and dates. They often enjoy activities like debates, journaling, and storytelling.​

2. Logical-Mathematical Intelligence

Logical-mathematical intelligence pertains to the capacity to analyze problems logically, carry out mathematical operations, and investigate issues scientifically. Learners with this intelligence are adept at reasoning, recognizing patterns, and logically analyzing problems. They thrive in experiments, puzzles, and abstract thinking.​

3. Spatial Intelligence

Spatial intelligence is the ability to think in three dimensions. Core capacities include mental imagery, spatial reasoning, image manipulation, graphic and artistic skills, and an active imagination. Students with strong spatial intelligence are often skilled at visualizing and mentally manipulating objects. They enjoy drawing, designing, and working with maps or charts.​

4. Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence

This intelligence entails the potential to use one’s whole body or parts of the body to solve problems or create products. It includes physical coordination and dexterity, using fine and gross motor skills, and expressing oneself or learning through physical activities. Students with high bodily-kinesthetic intelligence often excel in dance, sports, acting, or building.​

5. Musical Intelligence

Musical intelligence involves skill in the performance, composition, and appreciation of musical patterns. It encompasses the ability to recognize and compose musical pitches, tones, and rhythms. Students with this intelligence are sensitive to sounds, rhythms, tones, and music. They often enjoy singing, playing instruments, or composing music.​

6. Interpersonal Intelligence

Interpersonal intelligence is the capacity to understand the intentions, motivations, and desires of other people. It allows people to work effectively with others. Students strong in this intelligence are skilled at assessing the emotions and motivations of those around them. They often excel in group activities, communication, and conflict resolution.​

7. Intrapersonal Intelligence

This intelligence involves the capacity to understand oneself, to appreciate one’s feelings, fears, and motivations. It entails having an effective working model of ourselves and using such information to regulate our lives. Students with strong intrapersonal intelligence are introspective and self-reflective. They often enjoy journaling, goal setting, and self-paced learning.

8. Naturalistic Intelligence

Naturalistic intelligence refers to the ability to recognize and categorize plants, animals, and other aspects of nature. It involves sensitivity to natural phenomena and the capacity to engage with the natural world. Students with this intelligence are often interested in subjects like biology, ecology, and environmental science. They enjoy activities like hiking, gardening, and studying animals.

At the Kintess School, we believe that recognizing and nurturing these diverse intelligences enables students to reach their full potential. By providing a variety of learning experiences and environments, we support each child’s unique way of understanding the world. Embracing Gardner’s theory allows us to create a more inclusive and effective educational experience for all learners.​

For more information on our programs and how we integrate multiple intelligences into our curriculum, visit www.kintess.org.